Escent
Essential multi-task protection,support and prevention
Mycotoxins: Facts and Figures.
- Worldwide more than 25% of the grain produced every year is contaminated with mycotoxins. The increased global trading is enlarging the problem because the contaminated grains are blended with non-contaminated batches.
- There are more than 400 types of mycotoxins identified which are diverse in their chemistry and effects on animals
- Feed contaminated with mycotoxins cause a serious range of problems i ncl udi ng reductions in feed intake, growth performance (see fig. 1, 2}, reproductive, health and immunity problems (see table 1 ). Symptoms are often non-specific and cost the agrisector billions of dollars.
Fig 1: The relationship between dietary deoxynivalenol (DON) from narurally amtaminated material and decrease in weight gain of pigs relative to a toxin-free oontrol group. Vertices in this graph refer to data derived from different independent trials. For M!ry ppm increase in DON, the estimated reduction in growth rate in pigs is 10,2%. (Dersjant-li et al., 2003)
Fig 2: The relationship between dietary aflatoxin and decrease in weight gain of broilers relative to a toxin-free control group. Vertices in this graph refer to data derived from different independent trials. For every ppm increase in aflatoxin, the estimated reduction in growth rate in broilers is 14,4%. (Dersjant-Li et al., 2003)
| Treatment | WeighT gain (g) | Mortality (%) | AST(IU/L) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 875a | 0 | 50a |
| S. gallinarium | 720b |
6 | 55a |
| OTA | 700b |
0 | 68b |
| OTA + S. gallinarium | 550c |
15 | 73b |
Table 1: Effect of Ochratoxin A on broilers’ immunity and the pathogenicity of Salmonella. (Gupta et al., 2005)
- Dietary mycotoxins can also end up in animal products destined for human consumption, such as milk, eggs and meat where they remain a stable and inert toxic molecule.
- Under normal conditions, a multi-toxin contamination is likely, which can have a synergistic effect, increasing the negative impact on animals’ performance and health. Also the combination with bacterial toxins increases the health issues of mycotoxins significantly.
- Due to the heterogeneity of contaminations, the expensive analysis and the relatively long analysis time, individual sampling and analysis is a critical factor and is often insufficient or too expensive to make a full risk evaluation. Therefore prevention should be a key element in an efficient approach.
Well selected and purified clay minerals have the ability to adsorb polar mycotoxins.
| Mycotoxin | Fungus | Main effects | Species susceptibility |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aflatoxins(B1, B2, G1 and G2) | Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus | Liver damage Reduced feed intake Immunosuppressor | All domestic animals and poultry |
| Ochratoxin A | Aspergillus ochraceus Pencllllum viridacatum |
Kidney problems lmmunosuppressor Dirty eggs with unne patches | Mainly pigs and poultry |
| Deoxynivalenol (DON) | Fusarium graminearum |
Vomiting, Feed refusal, Reduced milk production, Immunosuppresive | Mainly pigs and dairy animals |
| Zearalenone | Fusarium graminearum |
Decreased reproductive performance | Mainly pigs and dairy animals |
| Fumonisin | Fusarium monliforme |
Pulmonary edema Weakening of immune system | Mainly pigs and horses |
| T-2 toxin | Fusarium triicinctum |
Oral lesions, loss of appetite decreased egg production decreased hatchability lmmuno-suppression | Mainly pigs and poultry |
Table 2: Only a handful mycotoxins out of the 400 mycotoxins known and their impact on farm animals’ performance and health.
Essential multi-task protection and support.
Each mycotoxin has a different physical and chemica I structure and feedstuffs are naturally contaminated with various toxins. Therefore, a multi functional mycotoxin control requires different techniques to neutralize specific toxins.
Escent® is a toxin inactivator with multi-purpose modes of action carefully designed to enhance, protect and support animal performance.
Reduce immunosuppression
A reduced status of the immune-system is alleviated by the use of Beta-gl ucans and well selected plant extracts.
Reduce oxidative stress
The presence of mycotoxins plays an important role in lipid peroxidation at cell level. (see fig. 2) Both, synthetic and natura I antioxidants avoid further action of free radicals towards intestinal micro-flora, tissues and cells, protecting the natural pathways of biotransformation of mycotoxins.
Fig. 3: Effect of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae (SC) in layer diets contaminated with Fumonisin on performance of laying hens (age 45 – 57 weeks) (Chowdhury and Smith, 2004)
Organ support
Liver and kidneys are crucial organs in the detoxification and elimination of toxic principles in the blood. Several mycotoxins have a well-known impact on the functioning of these organs. Escent® includes various plant extracts, selected as they are known to maintain and restore organ function.
Mycotoxin adsorption & biotransformation
Both high adsorbent mineral clays and yeast extracts rich in gluco-mannans are used to adsorb mycotoxins. Their role is to adsorb mycotoxins efficiently, selectively and quickly, reducing the bio-availability for the organism. (see fig 3 and table 3) Yeast extracts may support and activate specific biotransformation pathways.
Mould inhibition
In order to eliminate further mould development, and by consequence potential mycotoxin production, a selected mould inhibitor makes Escent® a well-balanced mixture between support, protection and prevention.
| LW,kg | ADG (kg) | ADFI (kg) | FCR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 32.7 | 0.55 | 0.9 | 1.66 |
| Aflatoxine | 28.3 |
0.42 | 0.81 | 1.93 |
| Aflatoxine + clay | 32.6 |
0.53 | 0.87 | 01.65 |
VISual effect of Escent® S on liver color of broilers fed a diet with extremely high contamination of Aflatoxin (2.8 ppm) (Brazil, 2010)
- C: Control
- T1: Control + Afla
- T2: Control + Afla + .5 kg/ton Escent® S
- T3: Control + Afla + 1 kg/ton Escent® S
- T4: Control + Afla + 1.5 kg/ton Escent® S
INDICATION FOR USE:
High risk Polar / Non Polar
DIRECTION FOR USE:
-
- 0.5 – 1.5 kg per ton of feed regularly(depending on moisture content of ingredients)
- or as directed by the Nutritionist/Veterinarian.